ARE SUPERFICIAL SERRATED LESIONS IN EARLY STAGES HYPERPLASTIC OR SESSILE SERRATED LESIONS? / LESÕES SERRILHADAS SUPERFICIAIS NAS FASES INICIAIS SÃO HIPERPLÁSICAS OU LESÕES SÉSSEIS SERRILHADAS?

BACKGROUND: At least 20% of colorectal adenocarcinomas arise through serrated lesions and studying them in early stages is important in prevention. AIM: To analyze and compare the endoscopic and histopathological characteristics of superficial serrated lesions in early stages, greater than 5 mm in length, completely resected during colonoscopies, and classified. METHOD: Retrospective and observational study evaluating 12,653 colonoscopy exams where 217 cases were selected that underwent endoscopic resections of superficial serrated lesions measuring more than 5 mm in diameter, addressed in terms of anatomical location, endoscopic findings, the average size of the lesions, average age, gender, and anatomopathological result. RESULTS: There were 2 groups G1 and G2. G1 had 126 hyperplastic lesions (HL) and G2 had 91 sessile serrated lesions. The anatomical location was 57.9% proximal and 42.1% distal in G1 and 94.5% and 5.5% respectively in G2. In G1, type 0-IIa was found in 26.2% and lateral spreading in 73.8%; in G2, 15.4% and 84.6%, respectively. The average size of the lesions in G1 was 15.4 mm and in G2, 16.7 mm. The average age G1 was 62.6 and G2, 63.5. Women were predominant in the total number of patients. No invasive adenocarcinomas were observed in the 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS: Superficially elevated serrated lesions, measuring more than 5 mm and resected by colonoscopies, were hyperplastic (58%). HL was observed throughout the colon and rectum and SSL was predominantly in the proximal colon. HL did not present dysplasia and SSL did. No invasive adenocarcinomas were observed in the submucosa.

RACIONAL: Pelo menos 20% dos adenocarcinomas colorretais surgem através de lesões serrilhadas e estudá-los em estágios iniciais é importante na prevenção. OBJETIVO: Analisar e comparar as características endoscópicas e histopatológicas de lesões superficiais serrilhadas em estágios iniciais, maiores que 5 mm de comprimento, completamente ressecadas durante colonoscopias e classificadas. MÉTODO: Estudo retrospectivo e observacional avaliando 12.653 exames de colonoscopia, onde foram selecionados 217 casos submetidos às ressecções endoscópicas de lesões superficiais serrilhadas medindo mais de 5 mm de diâmetro, abordados quanto à localização anatômica, achados endoscópicos, tamanho médio das lesões, idade média, sexo e resultado anatomopatológico. RESULTADOS: Houve 2 grupos, G1 e G2. O G1 apresentou 126 lesões hiperplásicas (HL) e o G2 91 lesões serrilhadas sésseis. A localização anatômica foi 57,9% proximal e 42,1% distal no G1 e 94,5% e 5,5% respectivamente no G2. No G1, o tipo 0-IIa foi encontrado em 26,2% e o espalhamento lateral em 73,8%; no G2, 15,4% e 84,6%, respectivamente. O tamanho médio das lesões G1 foi de 15,4 mm e G2 de 16,7 mm. A média de idade do G1 foi de 62,6 anos e do G2, 63,5 anos. As mulheres predominaram no total de pacientes. Não foram observados adenocarcinomas invasivos nos 2 grupos. CONCLUSÕES: Lesões serrilhadas superficialmente elevadas, medindo mais de 5 mm e ressecadas por colonoscopia, eram hiperplásicas (58%). O HL foi observado em todo o cólon e reto e o SSL foi predominantemente no cólon proximal. HL não apresentou displasia e SSL sim. Não foram observados adenocarcinomas invasivos na submucosa.

Influence of mechanical power and its components on mechanical ventilation in SARS-CoV-2. / Influência da mechanical power e de seus componentes na ventilação mecânica em SARS-CoV-2.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the influence of mechanical power and its components on mechanical ventilation for patients infected with SARS-CoV-2; identify the values of the mechanical ventilation components and verify their correlations with each other and with the mechanical power and effects on the result of the Gattinoni-S and Giosa formulas. METHODS: This was an observational, longitudinal, analytical and quantitative study of respirator and mechanical power parameters in patients with SARS-CoV-2. RESULTS: The mean mechanical power was 26.9J/minute (Gattinoni-S) and 30.3 J/minute (Giosa). The driving pressure was 14.4cmH2O, the plateau pressure was 26.5cmH2O, the positive end-expiratory pressure was 12.1cmH2O, the elastance was 40.6cmH2O/L, the tidal volume was 0.36L, and the respiratory rate was 32 breaths/minute. The correlation between the Gattinoni and Giosa formulas was 0.98, with a bias of -3.4J/minute and a difference in the correlation of the resistance pressure of 0.39 (Gattinoni) and 0.24 (Giosa). Among the components, the correlations between elastance and driving pressure (0.88), positive end-expiratory pressure (-0.54) and tidal volume (-0.44) stood out. CONCLUSION: In the analysis of mechanical ventilation for patients with SARS-CoV-2, it was found that the correlations of its components with mechanical power influenced its high momentary values and and that the correlations of its components with each other influenced their behavior throughout the study period. Because they have specific effects on the Gatinnoni-S and Giosa formulas, the mechanical ventilation components influenced their calculations and caused divergence in the mechanical power values.

OBJETIVO: Analisar a influência da mechanical power e de seus componentes na ventilação mecânica em SARS-CoV-2; identificar os valores dos componentes da ventilação mecânica e verificar suas correlações entre si e com a mechanical power e efeitos sobre o resultado das fórmulas de Gattinoni-S e Giosa. MÉTODOS: Estudo observacional, longitudinal, analítico e quantitativo dos parâmetros do respirador e da mechanical power no SARS-CoV-2. RESULTADOS: A mechanical power média foi de 26,9J/minuto (Gattinoni-S) e 30,3J/minuto (Giosa). A driving pressure foi de 14,4cmH2O, a pressão de platô de 26,5cmH2O, a pressão expiratória positiva final 12,1cmH2O, a elastância de 40,6cmH2O/L, o volume corrente foi de 0,36L e a frequência respiratória de 32/minuto. A correlação entre as fórmulas de Gattinoni e de Giosa foi de 0,98, com viés de -3,4J/minuto e diferença na correlação da pressão de resistência de 0,39 (Gattinoni-S) e 0,24 (Giosa). Entre os componentes, destacaram-se as correlações da elastância com a driving pressure (0,88), pressão expiratória positiva final (-0,54) e volume corrente (-0,44). CONCLUSÃO: Na análise da ventilação mecânica da SARS-CoV-2, constatou-se que as correlações de seus componentes com a mechanical power influenciaram em seus valores momentâneos elevados, e que as correlações de seus componentes entre si influenciaram em seu comportamento ao longo do tempo. Por possuírem efeitos específicos sobre as fórmulas de Gatinnoni-S e Giosa, os componentes da ventilação mecânica tiveram influência em seus cálculos e causaram divergências nos valores da mechanical power.

Beau's line in COVID-19 after a long ICU stay / Línea de Beau en COVID-19 después de un tiempo largo de internación en UCI

The 2019 coronavirus disease pandemic (COVID-19) overloads hospitalizations in intensive care units (ICUs) around the world and its severe form is a complex disease that is still being understood. Due to the lack of direct evidence in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection, guidelines for nutritional management have been based on evidence from critically ill patients in general. Thus, it is known that intense metabolic stress and malnutrition precede the appearance of Beau’s lines. This is the case report of a 58-year-old man with the severe form of COVID-19 hospitalized for 33 days in the ICU and who presented the Beau´s lines after 4 months of discharge, even with the infusion of nutritional therapy following the current recommendations for the critical period of the disease (AU)

La pandemia de la enfermedad por coronavirus de 2019 (COVID-19) sobrecarga las hospitalizaciones en unidades de cuidados intensivos (UCI) en todo el mundo y su forma grave es una enfermedad compleja que aún se está comprendiendo. Debido a la falta de evidencia directa en pacientes con infección por SARS-CoV-2, las pautas para el manejo nutricional se han basado en la evidencia de pacientes críticos en general. Así, se sabe que el estrés metabólico intenso y la desnutrición preceden a la aparición de las líneas de Beau. Este es el caso clínico de un hombre de 58 años con la forma grave de COVID-19 hospitalizado durante 33 días en la UCI y que presentó las líneas de Beau después de 4 meses del alta, incluso con la infusión de terapia nutricional prescrita en consecuencia a las recomendaciones actuales para el periodo crítico de la enfermedad (AU)

Beau's line in COVID-19 after a long ICU stay.

Introduction: The 2019 coronavirus disease pandemic (COVID-19) overloads hospitalizations in intensive care units (ICUs) around the world and its severe form is a complex disease that is still being understood. Due to the lack of direct evidence in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection, guidelines for nutritional management have been based on evidence from critically ill patients in general. Thus, it is known that intense metabolic stress and malnutrition precede the appearance of Beau's lines. This is the case report of a 58-year-old man with the severe form of COVID-19 hospitalized for 33 days in the ICU and who presented the Beau´s lines after 4 months of discharge, even with the infusion of nutritional therapy following the current recommendations for the critical period of the disease.

Introducción: La pandemia de la enfermedad por coronavirus de 2019 (COVID-19) sobrecarga las hospitalizaciones en unidades de cuidados intensivos (UCI) en todo el mundo y su forma grave es una enfermedad compleja que aún se está comprendiendo. Debido a la falta de evidencia directa en pacientes con infección por SARS-CoV-2, las pautas para el manejo nutricional se han basado en la evidencia de pacientes críticos en general. Así, se sabe que el estrés metabólico intenso y la desnutrición preceden a la aparición de las líneas de Beau. Este es el caso clínico de un hombre de 58 años con la forma grave de COVID-19 hospitalizado durante 33 días en la UCI y que presentó las líneas de Beau después de 4 meses del alta, incluso con la infusión de terapia nutricional prescrita en consecuencia a las recomendaciones actuales para el periodo crítico de la enfermedad.

Influência da mechanical power e de seus componentes na ventilação mecânica em SARS-CoV-2 / Influence of mechanical power and its components on mechanical ventilation in SARS-CoV-2

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar a influência da mechanical power e de seus componentes na ventilação mecânica em SARS-CoV-2; identificar os valores dos componentes da ventilação mecânica e verificar suas correlações entre si e com a mechanical power e efeitos sobre o resultado das fórmulas de Gattinoni-S e Giosa. Métodos: Estudo observacional, longitudinal, analítico e quantitativo dos parâmetros do respirador e da mechanical power no SARS-CoV-2. Resultados: A mechanical power média foi de 26,9J/minuto (Gattinoni-S) e 30,3J/minuto (Giosa). A driving pressure foi de 14,4cmH2O, a pressão de platô de 26,5cmH2O, a pressão expiratória positiva final 12,1cmH2O, a elastância de 40,6cmH2O/L, o volume corrente foi de 0,36L e a frequência respiratória de 32/minuto. A correlação entre as fórmulas de Gattinoni e de Giosa foi de 0,98, com viés de -3,4J/minuto e diferença na correlação da pressão de resistência de 0,39 (Gattinoni-S) e 0,24 (Giosa). Entre os componentes, destacaram-se as correlações da elastância com a driving pressure (0,88), pressão expiratória positiva final (-0,54) e volume corrente (-0,44). Conclusão: Na análise da ventilação mecânica da SARS-CoV-2, constatou-se que as correlações de seus componentes com a mechanical power influenciaram em seus valores momentâneos elevados, e que as correlações de seus componentes entre si influenciaram em seu comportamento ao longo do tempo. Por possuírem efeitos específicos sobre as fórmulas de Gatinnoni-S e Giosa, os componentes da ventilação mecânica tiveram influência em seus cálculos e causaram divergências nos valores da mechanical power.

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the influence of mechanical power and its components on mechanical ventilation for patients infected with SARS-CoV-2; identify the values of the mechanical ventilation components and verify their correlations with each other and with the mechanical power and effects on the result of the Gattinoni-S and Giosa formulas. Methods: This was an observational, longitudinal, analytical and quantitative study of respirator and mechanical power parameters in patients with SARS-CoV-2. Results: The mean mechanical power was 26.9J/minute (Gattinoni-S) and 30.3 J/minute (Giosa). The driving pressure was 14.4cmH2O, the plateau pressure was 26.5cmH2O, the positive end-expiratory pressure was 12.1cmH2O, the elastance was 40.6cmH2O/L, the tidal volume was 0.36L, and the respiratory rate was 32 breaths/minute. The correlation between the Gattinoni and Giosa formulas was 0.98, with a bias of -3.4J/minute and a difference in the correlation of the resistance pressure of 0.39 (Gattinoni) and 0.24 (Giosa). Among the components, the correlations between elastance and driving pressure (0.88), positive end-expiratory pressure (-0.54) and tidal volume (-0.44) stood out. Conclusion: In the analysis of mechanical ventilation for patients with SARS-CoV-2, it was found that the correlations of its components with mechanical power influenced its high momentary values and and that the correlations of its components with each other influenced their behavior throughout the study period. Because they have specific effects on the Gatinnoni-S and Giosa formulas, the mechanical ventilation components influenced their calculations and caused divergence in the mechanical power values.

Safety and long-term improvement of mesenchymal stromal cell infusion in critically COVID-19 patients: a randomized clinical trial.

BACKGROUND: COVID-19 is a multisystem disease that presents acute and persistent symptoms, the postacute sequelae (PASC). Long-term symptoms may be due to consequences from organ or tissue injury caused by SARS-CoV-2, associated clotting or inflammatory processes during acute COVID-19. Various strategies are being chosen by clinicians to prevent severe cases of COVID-19; however, a single treatment would not be efficient in treating such a complex disease. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are known for their immunomodulatory properties and regeneration ability; therefore, they are a promising tool for treating disorders involving immune dysregulation and extensive tissue damage, as is the case with COVID-19. This study aimed to assess the safety and explore the long-term efficacy of three intravenous doses of UC-MSCs (umbilical cord MSCs) as an adjunctive therapy in the recovery and postacute sequelae reduction caused by COVID-19. To our knowledge, this is one of the few reports that presents the longest follow-up after MSC treatment in COVID-19 patients. METHODS: This was a phase I/II, prospective, single-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Seventeen patients diagnosed with COVID-19 who require intensive care surveillance and invasive mechanical ventilation-critically ill patients-were included. The patient infusion was three doses of 5 × 105 cells/kg UC-MSCs, with a dosing interval of 48 h (n = 11) or placebo (n = 6). The evaluations consisted of a clinical assessment, viral load, laboratory testing, including blood count, serologic, biochemical, cell subpopulation, cytokines and CT scan. RESULTS: The results revealed that in the UC-MSC group, there was a reduction in the levels of ferritin, IL-6 and MCP1-CCL2 on the fourteen day. In the second month, a decrease in the levels of reactive C-protein, D-dimer and neutrophils and an increase in the numbers of TCD3, TCD4 and NK lymphocytes were observed. A decrease in extension of lung damage was observed at the fourth month. The improvement in all these parameters was maintained until the end of patient follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: UC-MSCs infusion is safe and can play an important role as an adjunctive therapy, both in the early stages, preventing severe complications and in the chronic phase with postacute sequelae reduction in critically ill COVID-19 patients. Trial registration Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (ReBEC), UTN code-U1111-1254-9819. Registered 31 October 2020-Retrospectively registered, https://ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-3fz9yr.

IFI27 transcription is an early predictor for COVID-19 outcomes, a multi-cohort observational study.

Purpose: Robust biomarkers that predict disease outcomes amongst COVID-19 patients are necessary for both patient triage and resource prioritisation. Numerous candidate biomarkers have been proposed for COVID-19. However, at present, there is no consensus on the best diagnostic approach to predict outcomes in infected patients. Moreover, it is not clear whether such tools would apply to other potentially pandemic pathogens and therefore of use as stockpile for future pandemic preparedness. Methods: We conducted a multi-cohort observational study to investigate the biology and the prognostic role of interferon alpha-inducible protein 27 (IFI27) in COVID-19 patients. Results: We show that IFI27 is expressed in the respiratory tract of COVID-19 patients and elevated IFI27 expression in the lower respiratory tract is associated with the presence of a high viral load. We further demonstrate that the systemic host response, as measured by blood IFI27 expression, is associated with COVID-19 infection. For clinical outcome prediction (e.g., respiratory failure), IFI27 expression displays a high sensitivity (0.95) and specificity (0.83), outperforming other known predictors of COVID-19 outcomes. Furthermore, IFI27 is upregulated in the blood of infected patients in response to other respiratory viruses. For example, in the pandemic H1N1/09 influenza virus infection, IFI27-like genes were highly upregulated in the blood samples of severely infected patients. Conclusion: These data suggest that prognostic biomarkers targeting the family of IFI27 genes could potentially supplement conventional diagnostic tools in future virus pandemics, independent of whether such pandemics are caused by a coronavirus, an influenza virus or another as yet-to-be discovered respiratory virus.

Perfil dos anestesiologistas e os aspectos que interferem na sua satisfação profissional / Profile of anesthesiologists and the aspects that interfere in professional satisfaction

Introdução: Aspectos emocionais, sociais e de remuneração na população de anestesiologistas permanecem parcialmente obscuros. O interesse em reconhecer as características desse grupo pode permitir estratégias de saúde ocupacional que melhorem a qualidade social e profissional dos anestesiologistas. Objetivos: Conhecer o perfil dos médicos anestesiologistas e aspectos que interferem na satisfação profissional. Método: Estudo individual, observacional, transversal, caracterizado como inquérito, de abordagem quantitativa, entre os médicos anestesiologistas do estado do Paraná. Resultados: A taxa de satisfação profissional foi de 82%. A amostra teve predomínio de homens, com percentual de 58,8%, autônomos, com 40,4%, faixa etária entre 30 a 39 anos 45,1%, formados entre 10 a 29 anos, com 47,2% e os que realizam carga horária de 40 a 59 h semanais, com 50,6%. A estrutura de trabalho foi referida como boa em 54,3% das vezes e a remuneração salarial média foi de 10 a 29 mil reais 50,6% dos casos. Os resultados apontam que 75,1% realizam plantões noturnos e 55,8% não dormem bem. Conclusão: A baixa qualidade da estrutura de trabalho, a carga horária elevada, a falta de vínculo empregatício, a baixa remuneração, o sedentarismo, a realização de plantões noturnos e a privação de sono, associados a relação familiar ruim, ambiente e situações estressantes, são fatores que alteram consideravelmente a satisfação profissional do médico anestesiologista, podendo gerar problemas físicos e psicológicos, fazendo com que percam o interesse por atualizarem-se. Isso também faz com que esses profissionais encurtem suas carreiras.

Introduction: Emotional, social and remuneration aspects in the population of anesthesiologists remain partially unclear. The interest in recognizing the characteristics of this group may allow for occupational health strategies that improve the social and professional quality of anesthesiologists. Objectives: To know the profile of anesthesiologists and aspects that interfere with professional satisfaction. Method: Individual, observational, cross-sectional study, characterized as a survey, with a quantitative approach, among anesthesiologists in the state of Paraná. Results: The job satisfaction rate was 82%. The sample had a predominance of men, with a percentage of 58.8%, self-employed, with 40.4%, aged between 30 and 39 years 45.1%, graduated between 10 and 29 years, with 47.2% and those who work 40 to 59 hours per week, with 50.6%. The work structure was referred to as good in 54.3% of the cases and the average salary was between R$ 10,000.00 and 29,000.00 in 50.6% of the cases. The results indicate that 75.1% work night shifts and 55.8% do not sleep well. Conclusion: The low quality of the work structure, the high workload, the lack of employment, low pay, sedentary lifestyle, performing night shifts and sleep deprivation, associated with poor family relationships, environment and stressful situations, these are factors that considerably alter the professional satisfaction of anesthesiologists, and may cause physical and psychological problems, causing them to lose interest in updating themselves. This also causes these professionals to shorten their careers.

Acesso venoso subclávio via fossa supraclavicular guiado por ultrassonografia: é opção segura? / Subclavian venous access via supraclavicular foss guided by ultrasonography: is it a safe option?

Introdução: A canulação venosa central é técnica cuja execução ainda está associada com complicações mecânicas, trombóticas e infecciosas e a guiada por ultrassonografia parece reduzir a incidência dessas complicações, custos e tempo necessário para realizar o procedimento. No entanto raras evidências apoiam a utilização ultrassonografia para a canulação da veia subclávia via supraclavicular. Objetivos: Avaliar se o acesso venoso subclávio via fossa supraclavicular guiado por ultrassonografia em tempo real é seguro como alternativa para obtenção de acessos venosos profundos. Método: Estudo epidemiológico de intervenção, transversal, caracterizado como ensaio clínico, em pacientes de UTI. As variáveis foram: idade, gênero, peso, lateralidade puncionada, número de tentativas de canulação, tempo entre a obtenção da imagem e acesso da veia, profundidade da veia subclávia em relação à pele e complicações durante a colocação e permanência do cateter. Resultados: Realizou-se acessos em 18 pacientes A maioria das punções foram obtidas na primeira ou segunda tentativa compondo 72,2% dos procedimentos, com tempo médio para a execução de 9 min. Observou-se predomínio de profundidades entre 0,63 a 1,09 cm com média de 1 cm. A taxa de sucesso foi de 94,4% com 5,6% de complicações correspondente à uma punção arterial. Não houve nenhuma outra complicação mecânica, trombótica ou infecciosa. Conclusões: O procedimento é seguro, executado em 9 min e, em sua maioria, na primeira ou segunda tentativa com 5,6% de complicações, e profundidade a partir da pele de 1 cm

Introduction: Central venous cannulation is a technique whose execution is still associated with mechanical, thrombotic and infectious complications and ultrasound-guided cannulation seems to reduce the incidence of these complications, costs and time required to perform the procedure. However, rare evidence supports the use of ultrasonography for cannulation of the subclavian vein via the supraclavicular route. Objectives: To assess whether subclavian venous access via the supraclavicular fossa guided by real-time ultrasound is a safe alternative for obtaining deep venous access. Method: Interventional, cross-sectional epidemiological study, characterized as a clinical trial, in ICU patients. The variables were: age, gender, weight, punctured laterality, number of cannulation attempts, time between obtaining the image and accessing the vein, depth of the subclavian vein in relation to the skin, and complications during placement and permanence of the catheter. Results: Accesses were performed in 18 patients. Most punctures were obtained in the first or second attempt, comprising 72.2% of the procedures, with an average time for execution of 9 min. There was a predominance of depths between 0.63 and 1.09 cm with an average of 1 cm. The success rate was 94.4% with 5.6% of complications corresponding to an arterial puncture. There were no other mechanical, thrombotic or infectious complications. Conclusions: The procedure is safe, performed in 9 min and, mostly, in the first or second attempt with 5.6% of complications, and depth from the skin of 1 cm.KEYWORDS: Central venous catheterization. Ultrasound. Subclavian vein.DOI: /10.55684/80.2.26Visão ultrassonográfica verificando-se o fio-guia no lúmen da veia subclávia(LAT=lateral; MED=medial, VSC=veia subclávia; VBC=veia braquicefálica)Mensagem CentralA canulação venosa central é técnica cuja execução ainda está associada com complicações mecânicas, trombóticas e infecciosas, e a guiada por ultrassonografia parece reduzir a incidência dessas complicações, custos e tempo necessário para realizar o procedimentoPerspectivaA obtenção do acesso venoso central subclávio via fossa supraclavicular guiado por ultrassonografia aponta-se como técnica segura executada com tempo médio de 9 min, em sua maioria na primeira ou segunda tentativa, com incidência de complicações menores de 5,6%, e para sua canulação, observou-se profundidade média a partir da pele de 1 cm. O procedimento é seguro e boa alternativa para acesso venoso subclávio.

Combined Use of Tocilizumab and Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in the Treatment of Severe Covid-19: Case Report.

The coronavirus pandemic is one of the most significant public health events in recent history. Currently, no specific treatment is available. Some drugs and cell-based therapy have been tested as alternatives to decrease the disease's symptoms, length of hospital stay, and mortality. We reported the case of a patient with a severe manifestation of COVID-19 in critical condition who did not respond to the standard procedures used, including six liters of O2 supplementation under a nasal catheter and treatment with dexamethasone and enoxaparin in prophylactic dose. The patient was treated with tocilizumab and an advanced therapy product based on umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (UC-MSC). The combination of tocilizumab and UC-MSC proved to be safe, with no adverse effects, and the results of this case report prove to be a promising alternative in the treatment of patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome due to SARS-CoV-2.

Sepsis in Burned Adult Patients: Study of Serie of Cases in Brazil.

Sepsis is currently the leading cause of death in burned patients. There are few studies on sepsis in burned patients at intensive care unit (ICU). To determine demographic profile, clinical presentation, evolution, procedures, and treatments used for burned patients affected by sepsis. Retrospective study in medical records of severe burned adult patients who developed sepsis between November 2015 and May 2018 in a university hospital in Curitiba, Brazil. Patients' details about hospitalization and sepsis were collected. Were included 44 patients, 75% men, and mean age of 42.1±16.88 years. The median TBSA was 50% that was significantly associated with mortality (P = .013). Outcome of death was observed in 50% of the patients. The median duration of hospitalization was 35 days, and in the ICU was 21.5 days. Orotracheal intubation and tracheostomy were the most prevalent aggravating procedures conducted during the hospitalization (77.2% and 56.8%, respectively). The median time to the first sepsis episode was 7 days, and the average total time in sepsis was 13.2 days. The median length of hospital stay among patients with septic shock who died was significantly lower than that of patients who did not die (P = .031). Blood culture was positive in 79.5% of cases, with the majority being typical ICU bacteria. Sepsis occurs more frequently in patients with higher TBSA and long hospitalization time accompanied by aggravating procedures and complications. Infections were caused by typical ICU bacteria, resulting in 50% patient mortality primarily due to septic shock.

Frecuencia de ideación suicida en una población de anestesiólogos / Ideation of suicidal in a population of anesthesiologists

INTRODUCTION: Due to the absence of precise data regarding the occupational and mental health of Anesthesiologists (MA), in this study. OBJECTIVES: We sought to identify the frequency of suicidal ideation in Anesthesiologists of a Brazilian state. The goals was to verify the frequency of suicidal ideation and common variables in the Anesthesiologists of the selected population, in order to make a literary contribution and generate knowledge that may be useful, through mental and occupational health strategies. METHOD: An individual, observational, cross-sectional study was conducted, characterized as a research, with a quantitative approach, among anesthesiologists, by means of an electronic questionnaire. RESULTS: 266 questionnaires were applied between September 2018 and November 2018, of which all those who did not answer the questionnaire or did so partially were excluded, as well as those who did not perform the profession in the state of Paraná, resulting in n = 233. DISCUSSION: It was verified that 14.59% (34) of the anesthesiologists in the sample have experienced suicidal thoughts. Suicidal ideation conceptually addresses thoughts, ideas, planning or desire to end life

INTRODUCCIÓN: Debido a la ausencia de datos precisos respecto de la salud laboral y mental de los Médicos Anestesiólogos (MA), en este estudio, se buscó identificar la frecuencia de ideación suicida en anestesiólogos de un Estado brasileño. OBJETIVOS: Verificar la frecuencia de ideación suicida y variables comunes en los anestesiólogos de la población seleccionada, con el fin de realizar una contribución literaria y generar conocimiento que pueda ser útil, por medio de estrategias de salud mental y laboral. MÉTODO: Se realizó un estudio individual, observacional, transversal, caracterizado como investigación, de enfoque cuantitativo, entre médicos anestesiólogos, por medio de un cuestionario electrónico. RESULTADOS: Se aplicaron 266 cuestionarios entre septiembre de 2018 y noviembre de 2018, de los cuales se excluyeron a todos aquellos que no respondieron el cuestionario o lo hicieron de forma parcial, así como aquellos que no desempeñaban la profesión en el Estado de Paraná, dando como resultado n = 233. DISCUSIÓN: Se verificó que el 14,59% (34) de los médicos anestesiólogos de la muestra han experimentado pensamientos suicidas. La ideación suicida conceptualmente aborda pensamientos, ideas, planeación o deseo de terminar con la vida.

Fatores que influenciam na mortalidade em queimaduras graves / Factors influencing mortality in severe burns

INTRODUÇÃO: Queimaduras são lesões determinadas pela energia térmica da transferência de calor. Queimaduras graves persistem com elevada taxa de mortalidade e incidência, principalmente em países em desenvolvimento. Necessita-se reconhecer os fatores que influenciam o desfecho para o óbito ou a sobrevivência. OBJETIVO: Evidenciar fatores que podem influenciar na mortalidade ou na chance de sobreviver às queimaduras graves. Analisar dados epidemiológicos, como idade, sexo e agente causal, características das queimaduras como agente, regiões, profundidade e extensão da superfície corporal queimada (SCQ), comorbidades e hábitos de vida, assim como a presença de disfunções orgânicas e sepse. MÉTODO: Realizou-se um estudo retrospectivo quantitativo, analítico e observacional em dados de prontuários eletrônicos de queimados graves sob cuidados intensivos entre junho de 2013 e junho de 2018. Para a relação entre o óbito e variáveis categóricas, utilizou-se o teste Qui-quadrado e o teste de Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney para variáveis numéricas. RESULTADOS: Encontrou-se diferença estatisticamente relevante na idade (p=0,008) e na extensão de superfície corporal queimada (p=0,005) entre os pacientes que vieram ou não a óbito. Observou-se que a presença de comorbidades (p=0,02) e sepse (p=0,01), assim como de disfunções orgânicas isoladas, indicaram diferença na proporção de pacientes que faleceram e os que sobreviveram. CONCLUSÃO: A presença de duas ou mais comorbidades, o diagnóstico de sepse e de disfunções orgânicas isoladas, como cardiovascular, respiratória, neurológica, hematológica e renal, são fatores que influenciam na mortalidade com relevância estatística e apresentam uma mediana de idade de 46 anos e 50% de SCQ.

INTRODUCTION: Burns are defined by the thermal energy of heat transfer. Severe burns persist with a high mortality and incidence rate, especially in developing countries. It is necessary to recognize the factors that influence the outcome for death. OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the factors that may result in mortality or the chance of surviving from severe burns. To analyze epidemiological data, such as age, sex and causal agent, characteristics of burns as a regional agent, depth and extent of the burned body surface, comorbidities and life habits, as well as the presence of organic disorders and sepsis. METHODS: A retrospective investigation was carried out on electronic medical records of burned graves under intensive care between 2013 and 2018. For the relationship between death and categorical variables, the Chi-square test and the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test were used for variables. RESULTS: A statistically relevant difference was found in age (p=0.008) and in the extent of burned body surface area (p=0.005) between patients who died or not. It was observed that the presence of comorbidities (p=0.02) and sepsis (p=0.01), as well as isolated organic dysfunctions indicated a difference in the proportion of patients who died and those who survived. CONCLUSION: The average age of 46 years, the average extension of burned body surface average of 50%, the presence of two or more comorbidities, the diagnosis of sepsis and isolated organic dysfunctions, such as cardiovascular, respiratory, neurological, hematological and renal are factors that influence mortality of severe burns.

Influence of Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells on the Burn Wound Healing Process.

Burns are lesions in which the thermal energy of the causative agent transfers heat to the surface of the body, causing superficial or deep damage to the skin with protein denaturation in cells and biochemical maladjustments, which delay and disrupt the cicatricial process, increasing the chances of functional and aesthetic sequelae. This study evaluates the influence of adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) on burn healing in terms of the size of the cicatricial space and quantified measures of collagen deposition, inflammatory infiltrate, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels. Initially, intra-abdominal adipose tissue was resected from a single donor Wistar rat that was not part of any of the subsequent groups to obtain ADSCs by isolation and cell culture. Burns were made in the left lateral abdominal region of Wistar rats by contact with a square ceramic paper with a 484 mm2 area heated to 100°C for 30 seconds. Intradermal ADSC transplantation was performed in two stages. The first was on the same day of the burn, when 3.2 × 106 ADSCs were transplanted shortly after the burned region cooled, while the second stage occurred four days later with the same number of ADSCs. The progress was evaluated by immunohistochemical methods and H&E, Masson's trichrome, Picrosirius red, and Lyve-1 immunofluorescence staining. Despite the quantitative similarity of blood vessels and the inflammatory infiltrate observed by H&E, there were statistically significant differences between the groups on the fourteenth day of evolution. The group that received ADSCs showed a reduction in the scar tissue area, increased collagen type III deposition, and a quantifiable reduction in lymphatic vessels, so we conclude that ADSCs influence the healing of total thickness burns in rats.

Padronização de queimaduras térmicas em ratos por contato direto com a superfície cutânea / Standardization of thermal burns in rats by direct contact with the skin surface / Estandarización de quemaduras térmicas en ratas por contacto directo con la superficie cutánea

Introdução: Queimaduras cutâneas são lesões geralmente causadas pela energia térmica da transferência de calor, que determina um processo cicatricial desordenado. Para entender o processo e para avaliar possibilidades terapêuticas, são necessários modelos animais, assim como a padronização da elaboração da queimadura experimental. Objetivo: Detalhar uma técnica que promove queimaduras padronizadas de espessura total da pele em ratos Wistar. Método: Realizaram-se queimaduras padronizadas em 22 ratos Wistar divididos aleatoriamente em GI e GII. Acoplou-se à extremidade de um ferro de solda uma peça cerâmica de 484mm2 de superfície, que em contato com a pele durante 30 segundos, aquecida a 100° Celsius com uma pressão de 54 gramas, exercida pela própria massa do ferro da solda, determinou as queimaduras. No quarto dia, avaliou-se a coloração, umidade e elasticidade para caracterizar macroscopicamente as queimaduras e mensurou-se a área das queimaduras dos grupos, nos quais aplicou-se o teste t de Student para comparar os resultados. Resultados: Evidenciaram-se, em todos os animais, queimaduras com coloração branca cerosa, seca e inelástica. Constatou-se uma área média das queimaduras 403,5±71,48mm2 no GI e 403,7±71,19mm2 no GII (p=0,995). Conclusão: O contato da peça cerâmica de 484mm2 com pressão de massa de 54 gramas a 100° Celsius durante 30 segundos determinou queimaduras de espessura total de pele com área média semelhante entre os grupos, ao quarto dia de evolução, permitindo comparações seguras entre GI e GII ao longo do tempo cicatricial.

Introduction: Skin burns are lesions usually caused by energy of heat transfer that determine a disordered cicatricial process, to understand it and to evaluate therapeutic possibilities are needed animal models, as well as the standardization of experimental burn. Objective: To describe a technique that promotes standardized burns of total skin thickness for experimental study in Wistar rats. Methods: Standardized burns were performed on 22 Wistar rats randomly divided into GI and GII. A ceramic piece of 484 mm2 was attached to the end of a soldering iron, which in contact with the skin for 30 seconds at 100° Celsius at a pressure of 54 grams. On the fourth day, the staining, moisture and elasticity were evaluated to characterize the burns and the burn area of the groups was measured, in which Students t-test. Results: Burns characterized by waxy, dry and inelastic white color were observed in all the animals. It was found an average area of burns to 403.5±71.48mm2 in GI and 403.7±71.19mm2 in GII (p=0.995). Conclusion: The contact of the ceramic piece of 484mm2 with mass pressure of 54 grams at 100° Celsius for 30 seconds, determined total skin thickness burns with similar mean area groups, on the fourth day, allowing the safe comparison between the groups over the cicatricial time

Introducción: Las quemaduras cutáneas son lesiones en general causadas por la transferencia de calor que determinan una cicatrización desordenado, para entenderlo y evaluar posibilidades terapéuticas, se necesitan modelos animales, así como la estandarización de la quemadura experimental. Objetivo: Describir una técnica que promueve quemaduras estandarizadas del grosor total de la piel para el estudio experimental en ratas Wistar. Métodos: Se realizaron quemaduras en veintidós ratas Wistar divididas aleatoriamente en GI y GII. Se colocó una pieza cerámica de 484mm2 en un soldador en contacto con la piel durante 30 segundos a 100° Celsius a una presión de 54 gramos determinó la quemaduras. En el cuarto día, la tinción, la humedad y la elasticidad se evaluaron para caracterizar las quemaduras y se midió el área de las quemadura y se aplicó la prueba t de Student. Resultados: Se observaron quemaduras caracterizadas por un color blanco ceroso, seco e inelástico en todos los animales. Se encontró un área media de quemaduras 403.5±71.48mm2 en GI y 403.7±71.19 mm2 en GII (p=0.995). Conclusión: El contacto de la pieza de cerámica de 484 mm2 con una presión de masa de 54 gramos a 100° Celsius durante 30 segundos, determinó quemaduras de espesor total de la piel con área media similares entre los grupos en el cuarto día, lo que permite la comparación segura entre GI y el GII a lo largo del tiempo cicatricial

Critérios práticos para uma lipoaspiração mais segura: uma visão multidisciplinar / Practical criteria for a safer liposuction: a multidisciplinary approach

O Capítulo de Cirurgia do Contorno Corporal da Sociedade Brasileira de Cirurgia Plástica realizou em 2012 um amplo estudo dos parâmetros de segurança para a realização de uma lipoaspiração, antecedendo ao curso do Capítulo, realizado em 2013, no Rio de Janeiro, durante o 50º Congresso Brasileiro de Cirurgia Plástica, com a presença do ilustre Dr. Yves Gérard Illouz e grande número de participantes. Os autores realizaram uma revisão e atualização destes parâmetros, incorporando recentes avanços e sistematizando de forma prática as informações relevantes para a realização de uma lipoaspiração mais segura. Com a colaboração de anestesiologista, intensivista e cirurgião vascular, experientes no suporte ao procedimento, são apresentadas novas orientações práticas para o pré-operatório, trans e pós-operatório de uma lipoaspiração mais segura.

In 2012, the Research Group on Body Contouring Surgery of the Brazilian Society of Plastic Surgery conducted an extensive study on the safety of liposuction before the initiation of the course of the Group, held in 2013 in Rio de Janeiro during the 50^th Brazilian Congress of Plastic Surgery, with the presence of the illustrious Dr. Yves Gérard Illouz and a large number of participants. The authors performed a review and update of the safety parameters, incorporating recent advances and systematizing relevant information for the execution of a safer liposuction. With the collaboration of anesthesiologist, intensive care physician, and vascular surgeon, all with extensive experience in supporting the procedure, new practical guidelines were presented for a safer liposuction on the preoperative, transoperative, and postoperative periods.

A complexidade cicatricial em queimaduras e a possibilidade da terapia com células-tronco derivadas do tecido adiposo: revisão / The complexity of burn healing and the possibility of adipose tissue-derived stem cell therapy: review / La complejidad de la cicatrización de las quemaduras y la posibilidad de la terapia con células madre derivadas del tejido adiposo: revisión

OBJETIVO: Verificar as especificidades do processo cicatricial em queimaduras e identificar se as células-tronco derivadas do tecido adiposo (CTDA) podem se tornar aliadas em sua reparação. MÉTODO: Realizou-se uma revisão da literatura com consultas a Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde, Google Acadêmico, PubMed, Scientific Electronic Library Online, Mendeley catalog of academic literature, artigos e bibliografia especilizada em cicatrização, queimaduras, células-tronco derivadas do tecido adiposo publicados entre 2012 e 2016. RESULTADOS: As queimaduras se diferenciam de outras lesões pela intensidade da inflamação sistêmica e pela sobreposição das fases cicatriciais desorganizando-as. As CTDA são encontradas no estroma vascular do tecido adiposo e podem ser obtidas por lipoaspiração. Estas células podem interferir nas fases cicatriciais pela secreção de citocinas de crescimento, substâncias imunomoduladoras e anti-inflamatórias, assim como pela capacidade de diferenciação celular e homing. CONCLUSÃO: As queimaduras ocorrem na população mundial de forma preocupante, com características de morbidade e mortalidade. Os problemas sistêmicos e locais da reparação tecidual parecem ser atenuados pelas CTDA, sua abundante disponibilidade para o cultivo celular e suas habilidades as apontam como aliadas na recuperação das queimaduras.(AU)

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the distinctions of the healing process in burns and identify how the adipose-tissue derived stem cells (ATSC) may become allies in this repair process. METHODS: Review of the literature was carried out with consultations at Virtual Health Library, Google Scholar, PubMed, Scientific Electronic Library Online and Mendeley catalog of academic literature and specialized bibliography in healing, burns and ATSC published between 2012 and 2016. RESULTS: Burns differentiate themselves from other lesions by the intensity of systemic inflammation and by the overlapping of the healing wound phases disorganizing them. The ATSC are found in the vascular stroma of adipose tissue and can be obtained by liposuction. These cells can interfere in the healing wound phases by the secretion of growth cytokines, immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory substances and the ability of cell differentiation and homing. CONCLUSION: Burns occur in the world population in a worrisome way with characteristics of morbimortality. The problems of tissue repair seem to be attenuated by ATSC, their abundant availability for cell culture and their abilities point them as promising allies in healing of burn wound.(AU)

Objetivo: Verificar las especificidades del proceso cicatricial en quemaduras y identificar si las células-tronco derivadas del tejido adiposo (CTDA) pueden tornarse aliadas en su reparación. Método: Se realizó una revisión del literatura con consultas en Biblioteca Virtual de Salud, Google Académico, PubMed, Scientific Electronic Library online online, Mendeley catalog of academic literature, artículos y bibliografía especilizada, quemaduras, CTDA, publicados entre 2012 y 2016. Resultados: Las quemaduras se diferencian de otras lesiones por la intesidad de la inflamación sistémica y por la sobreposición de las fases cicatriciales desorganizándolas. Las CTDA son encontradas en el estroma vascular del tejido adiposo y pueden ser obtenidas por lipoaspiracion. Estas celulas pueden interferir en las fases cicatriciales por secrecion de citoquinas del crecimiento, sustancias inmunomoduladoras, anti inflamatorias y por la capacidad de diferenciacion celular e homing. Conclusión: Las quemaduras ocurren en la población mundial de forma preocupante con caracteristicas de morbimortalidad. Los problemas de la reparacion tecidual parecen ser atenuados por las CTDA, su abundante disponibilidad para el cultivo celular y sus habilidades las apuntan como aliadas en la recuperacion de las quemaduras.(AU)

Concomitância entre fraturas diafisárias e metafisárias do fêmur em acidentados com motocicleta / Concomitance between diaphyseal and metaphyseal femur fractures in victims of motorcycle accidents

Objetivo: Verificar a prevalência da concomitância de fraturas diafisárias e metafisárias do fêmur em pacientes, vítimas de acidente por motocicleta, atendidos no pronto socorro de Curitiba/PR em um período de sete anos e comparar os resultados com os dados presentes na literatura nacional.Metodologia: Realizou-se um estudo descritivo, retrospectivo e observacional da prevalência de fraturas de diáfise do fêmur concomitantemente à metáfise proximal ou metáfise distal do fêmur ipsilateral. Os dados foram obtidos através da análise de todos os prontuários do período de janeiro de 2007 a dezembro de 2013 catalogados no arquivo médico do HUEC. Considerou-se para análise o número de vítimas, sexo, idade e lado da fratura. Resultados: Foram identificados 40 pacientes: 87,5% do sexo masculino e 12,5% do sexo feminino. Houve predomínio de pacientes entre 19 e 29 anos. A média de idade foi de 31,9 anos. 24 vítimas foram diagnosticadas com fratura de diáfise do fêmur associada à fratura de metáfise proximal ipsilateral, sendo 16 do lado esquerdo e 8 a direita. 16vítimas foram diagnosticadas com fratura de diáfise do fêmur associada à fratura de metáfise distal ipsilateral, sendo 8 do lado direito e 8 a esquerda. Conclusão:O perfil de vítima mais prevalente foi o de adulto jovem do sexo masculino e a associação mais encontrada foi a de fratura da diáfise do fêmur concomitante à fratura da metáfise proximal do fêmur ipsilateral à esquerda

Objective: Verify the prevalence of concomitance between diaphysis and metaphysis femur fractures in patients, victims of motorcycle accidents, seen at the Emergency Departmentof Hospital Universitário Evangélico de Curitiba (HUEC), in a period of sevenyears, as well as compare the results with data from literature. Material and Methods:This is a retrospective, descriptive, observational study of prevalence of diaphysis femur fractures simultaneously with ipsilateral proximal metaphysisordistal metaphysis femur fractures. The information was obtainedfrom the analysis of all the medical records from January 2007 to December 2013 belonging to the hospital archives. The analysis considered the number of victims, gender, age and affected side.Results:40 victims have been identified. 87.5% being male whereas 12.5% being female. The victims were predominantly between 19 and 29 years old. The average age of thevictims was 31.9 years old. 24 victims were diagnosed with diaphysis femur fracture associated with ipsilateral proximal metaphysis, 16 were on the left and 8 were on the right. 16 victims were diagnosed with diaphysis femur fracture associated with ipsilateral distal metaphysis, 8 were on the right and 8 were on the left. Conclusion: The most prevalent victim profile was that of a young adult male and the most frequent association was the concomitant fracture of femur fracture of the proximal metaphysis of the ipsilateral femur left

Ultrasound-assisted liposuction: an analysis of 348 cases.

The early experiences using ultrasound-assisted liposuction in treating difficult fibrous cases, such as gynecomastia, have led to the evolution and improvement of ultrasound-assisted liposuction techniques. This prospective study examined 348 consecutive patients treated with ultrasound-assisted liposuction over two and a half years, from October of 1998 to July of 2001. We use a three-stage technique consisting of infiltration, ultrasound-assisted sculpturing, and suction-assisted liposuction. This technique has improved our final outcome, with better skin contraction, shorter operative time, and minimization of complications, resulting in the optimization of liposuction as a safe procedure.